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Hybrid genetic algorithm for bi-objective resource-constrained project scheduling

Fikri KUCUKSAYACIGIL, Gündüz ULUSOY

《工程管理前沿(英文)》 2020年 第7卷 第3期   页码 426-446 doi: 10.1007/s42524-020-0100-x

摘要: In this study, we considered a bi-objective, multi-project, multi-mode resource-constrained project scheduling problem. We adopted three objective pairs as combinations of the net present value (NPV) as a financial performance measure with one of the time-based performance measures, namely, makespan ( ), mean completion time (MCT), and mean flow time (MFT) (i.e., min /max , min /max , and min /max ). We developed a hybrid non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II (hybrid-NSGA-II) as a solution method by introducing a backward–forward pass (BFP) procedure and an injection procedure into NSGA-II. The BFP was proposed for new population generation and post-processing. Then, an injection procedure was introduced to increase diversity. The BFP and injection procedures led to improved objective functional values. The injection procedure generated a significantly high number of non-dominated solutions, thereby resulting in great diversity. An extensive computational study was performed. Results showed that hybrid-NSGA-II surpassed NSGA-II in terms of the performance metrics hypervolume, maximum spread, and the number of non-dominated solutions. Solutions were obtained for the objective pairs using hybrid-NSGA-II and three different test problem sets with specific properties. Further analysis was performed by employing cash balance, which was another financial performance measure of practical importance. Several managerial insights and extensions for further research were presented.

关键词: backward–forward scheduling     hybrid bi-objective genetic algorithm     injection procedure     maximum cash balance     multi-objective multi-project multi-mode resource-constrained project scheduling problem    

Ammonia and phosphorus removal from agricultural runoff using cash crop waste-derived biochars

Alisa Salimova, Jian’e Zuo, Fenglin Liu, Yajiao Wang, Sike Wang, Konstantin Verichev

《环境科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2020年 第14卷 第3期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-020-1225-1

摘要: • Orange tree residuals biochar had a better ability to adsorb ammonia. • Modified tea tree residuals biochar had a stronger ability to remove phosphorus. • Partially-modified biochar could remove ammonia and phosphorus at the same time. • The real runoff experiment showed an ammonia nitrogen removal rate of about 80%. • The removal rate of total phosphorus in real runoff experiment was about 95%. Adsorption of biochars (BC) produced from cash crop residuals is an economical and practical technology for removing nutrients from agricultural runoff. In this study, BC made of orange tree trunks and tea tree twigs from the Laoguanhe Basin were produced and modified by aluminum chloride (Al-modified) and ferric sulfate solutions (Fe-modified) under various pyrolysis temperatures (200°C–600°C) and residence times (2–5 h). All produced and modified BC were further analyzed for their abilities to adsorb ammonia and phosphorus with initial concentrations of 10–40 mg/L and 4–12 mg/L, respectively. Fe-modified Tea Tree BC 2h/400°C showed the highest phosphorus adsorption capacity of 0.56 mg/g. Al-modified Orange Tree BC 3h/500°C showed the best performance for ammonia removal with an adsorption capacity of 1.72 mg/g. FTIR characterization showed that P = O bonds were formed after the adsorption of phosphorus by modified BC, N-H bonds were formed after ammonia adsorption. XPS analysis revealed that the key process of ammonia adsorption was the ion exchange between K+ and NH4+. Phosphorus adsorption was related to oxidation and interaction between PO43– and Fe3+. According to XRD results, ammonia was found in the form of potassium amide, while phosphorus was found in the form of iron hydrogen phosphates. The sorption isotherms showed that the Freundlich equation fits better for phosphorus adsorption, while the Langmuir equation fits better for ammonia adsorption. The simulated runoff infiltration experiment showed that 97.3% of ammonia was removed by Al-modified Orange tree BC 3h/500°C, and 92.9% of phosphorus was removed by Fe-modified Tea tree BC 2h/400°C.

关键词: Biochar     Adsorption     Ammonia removal     Phosphorus removal     Agricultural runoff    

Simulation of bubble column reactors using CFD coupled with a population balance model

Tiefeng WANG

《化学科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2011年 第5卷 第2期   页码 162-172 doi: 10.1007/s11705-009-0267-5

摘要: Bubble columns are widely used in chemical and biochemical processes due to their excellent mass and heat transfer characteristics and simple construction. However, their fundamental hydrodynamic behaviors, which are essential for reactor scale-up and design, are still not fully understood. To develop design tools for engineering purposes, much research has been carried out in the area of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling and simulation of gas-liquid flows. Due to the importance of the bubble behavior, the bubble size distribution must be considered in the CFD models. The population balance model (PBM) is an effective approach to predict the bubble size distribution, and great efforts have been made in recent years to couple the PBM into CFD simulations. This article gives a selective review of the modeling and simulation of bubble column reactors using CFD coupled with PBM. Bubble breakup and coalescence models due to different mechanisms are discussed. It is shown that the CFD-PBM coupled model with proper bubble breakup and coalescence models and interphase force formulations has the ability of predicting the complex hydrodynamics in different flow regimes and, thus, provides a unified description of both the homogeneous and heterogeneous regimes. Further study is needed to improve the models of bubble coalescence and breakup, turbulence modification in high gas holdup, and interphase forces of bubble swarms.

关键词: bubble column     computational fluid dynamics     bubble breakup and coalescence     population balance model     bubble size distribution    

Gut microbial balance and liver transplantation: alteration, management, and prediction

null

《医学前沿(英文)》 2018年 第12卷 第2期   页码 123-129 doi: 10.1007/s11684-017-0563-2

摘要:

Liver transplantation is a conventional treatment for terminal stage liver diseases. However, several complications still hinder the survival rate. Intestinal barrier destruction is widely observed among patients receiving liver transplant and suffering from ischemia–reperfusion or rejection injuries because of the relationship between the intestine and the liver, both in anatomy and function. Importantly, the resulting alteration of gut microbiota aggravates graft dysfunctions during the process. This article reviews the research progress for gut microbial alterations and liver transplantation. Especially, this work also evaluates research on the management of gut microbial alteration and the prediction of possible injuries utilizing microbial alteration during liver transplantation. In addition, we propose possible directions for research on gut microbial alteration during liver transplantation and offer a hypothesis on the utilization of microbial alteration in liver transplantation. The aim is not only to predict perioperative injuries but also to function as a method of treatment or even inhibit the rejection of liver transplantation.

关键词: gut microbial balance     liver transplantation     ischemia–reperfusion     acute rejection    

Nonlinear sealing force of a seawater balance valve used in an 11000-meter manned submersible

《机械工程前沿(英文)》 2023年 第18卷 第1期 doi: 10.1007/s11465-022-0726-y

摘要: Balance valve is a core component of the 11000-meter manned submersible “struggle,” and its sealing performance is crucial and challenging when the maximum pressure difference is 118 MPa. The increasing sealing force improves the sealing performance and increases the system’s energy consumption at the same time. A hybrid analytical–numerical–experimental (ANE) model is proposed to obtain the minimum sealing force, ensuring no leakage at the valve port and reducing energy consumption as much as possible. The effects of roundness error, environmental pressure, and materials on the minimum sealing force are considered in the ANE model. The basic form of minimum sealing force equations is established, and the remaining unknown coefficients of the equations are obtained by the finite element method (FEM). The accuracy of the equation is evaluated by comparing the independent FEM data to the equation data. Results of the comparison show good agreement, and the difference between the independent FEM data and equation data is within 3% when the environmental pressure is 0–118 MPa. Finally, the minimum sealing force equation is applied in a balance valve to be experimented using a deep-sea simulation device. The balance valve designed through the minimum sealing force equation is leak-free in the experiment. Thus, the minimum sealing force equation is suitable for the ultrahigh pressure balance valve and has guiding significance for evaluating the sealing performance of ultrahigh pressure balance valves.

关键词: seawater balance valve     sealing performance     hybrid ANE model     FEM     minimum sealing force equation    

Quantitative analysis of yield and soil water balance for summer maize on the piedmont of the North China

Jingjing WANG,Feng HUANG,Baoguo LI

《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2015年 第2卷 第4期   页码 295-310 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2015074

摘要: The North China Plain (NCP) is a major grain production area in China, but the current winter wheat-summer maize system has resulted in a large water deficit. This water-shortage necessitates the improvement of crop water productivity in the NCP. A crop water model, AquaCrop, was adopted to investigate yield and water productivity (WP) for rain-fed summer maize on the piedmont of the NCP. The data sets to calibrate and validate the model were obtained from a 3-year (2011–2013) field experiment conducted on the Yanshan piedmont of the NCP. The range of root mean square error (RMSE) between the simulated and measured biomass was 0.67–1.25 t·hm , and that of relative error (RE) was 9.4%–15.4%, the coefficient of determination ( ) ranged from 0.992 to 0.994. The RMSE between the simulated and measured soil water storage at depth of 0–100 cm ranged from 4.09 to 4.39 mm; and RE and in the range of 1.07%–1.20% and 0.880–0.997, respectively. The WP as measured by crop yield per unit evapotranspiration was 2.50–2.66 kg·m . The simulated impact of long-term climate (i.e., 1980–2010) and groundwater depth on crop yield and WP revealed that the higher yield and WP could be obtained in dry years in areas with capillary recharge from groundwater, and much lower values elsewhere. The simulation also suggested that supplementary irrigation in areas without capillary groundwater would not result in groundwater over-tapping since the precipitation can meet the water required by both maize and ecosystem, thus a beneficial outcome for both food and ecosystem security can be assured.

关键词: AquaCrop     summer maize     soil water balance     water productivity    

Mass and heat balance calculations and economic evaluation of an innovative biomass pyrolysis project

Quanyuan WEI, Yongshui QU, Tianwei TAN

《化学科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2011年 第5卷 第3期   页码 355-361 doi: 10.1007/s11705-010-0567-9

摘要: Biomass can be converted into flammable gas, charcoal, wood vinegar, wood tar oil and noncombustible materials with thermo-chemical pyrolysis reactions. Many factors influence these processes, such as the properties of the raw materials, and temperature control and these will affect the products that are produced. Based on the data from a straw pyrolysis demonstration project, the mass and heat balance of the biomass pyrolysis process were analyzed. The statistical product and service solutions (SPSS) statistical method was used to analyze the data which were monitored on-site. A cost-benefit analysis was then used to study the viability of commercializing the project. The analysis included net present value, internal rate of return and investment payback period. These results showed that the straw pyrolysis project has little risk, and will produce remarkable economic benefits.

关键词: mass balance     heat balance     biomass pyrolysis     economic benefit    

Flow and mass balance analysis of eco-bio infiltration system

Marla C. MANIQUIZ, Lee-Hyung KIM, Soyoung LEE, Jiyeon CHOI

《环境科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2012年 第6卷 第5期   页码 612-619 doi: 10.1007/s11783-012-0448-1

摘要: A structured stormwater infiltration system was developed and constructed at a university campus and monitoring of storm events was performed during a one-year operation period. The flow and pollutant mass balances were analyzed and the overall efficiency of the system was assessed. While significant positive correlations were observed among rainfall, runoff and discharge volume ( = 0.93-0.99; <0.05), there was no significant correlations existed between rainfall, runoff, discharge volume and pollutant load. The system was more effective in reducing the runoff volume by more than 50% for small storm events but the difference between the runoff and discharge volume was significant even with rainfall greater than 10 mm. Results showed that the pollutant reduction rates were higher compared to the runoff volume reduction. Average pollutant reduction rates were in the range of 72% to 90% with coefficient of variation between 0.10 and 0.46. Comparable with runoff reduction, the system was more effective in reducing the pollutant load for small storm events, in the range of 80% to 100% for rainfall between 0 and 10 mm; while 65% to 80% for rainfall between 10 and 20 mm. Among the pollutant parameters, particulate matters was highly reduced by the system achieving only a maximum of 25% discharge load even after the entire runoff was completely discharged. The findings have proven the capability of the system as a tool in stormwater management achieving both flow reduction and water quality improvement.

关键词: best management practice     flow balance     low impact development     mass balance     nonpoint source     stormwater runoff    

Deviation correction strategy for the earth pressure balance shield based on shield–soil interactions

《机械工程前沿(英文)》 2022年 第17卷 第2期 doi: 10.1007/s11465-022-0676-4

摘要: The control system presently used in shield posture rectification is based on driver experience, which is marginally reliable. The study of the related theory is flawed. Therefore, a decision-making approach for the deviation correction trajectory and posture rectification load for an earth pressure balance (EPB) shield is proposed. A calculation model of posture rectification load of an EPB shield is developed by considering the interactions among the cutter head, shield shell, and ground. The additional position change during the shield attitude correction is highlighted. The posture rectification loads and shield behaviors results can be solved by the proposed method. The influences of the stratum distribution (i.e., bedrock height in the upper-soft and lower-hard strata) on shield behaviors and posture rectification loads are analyzed. Results indicated that the increase of pitch angle in the upper-soft and lower-hard strata causes a sharp rise in vertical displacement. The bedrock height increases the magnitudes of the required posture rectification moments when hr/D > 0.5. For a tunnel with hr/D ≤ 0.5, the variation of hr/D has little effect on the posture rectification moments. Finally, the posture rectifying curves based on the theoretical model are compared with the target ones based on the double circular arc interpolation method. The required results can be obtained regardless of the soil–rock compound stratum distribution. The maximum rectification moment in the rock layer is almost 12.6 times that in the soil layer. Overall, this study provides a valuable reference for moment determination and the trajectory prediction of posture rectification in compound strata.

关键词: additional position change     deviation correction trajectory     earth pressure balance shield     mechanical model     posture rectification    

Principle of maximum entropy for reliability analysis in the design of machine components

Yimin ZHANG

《机械工程前沿(英文)》 2019年 第14卷 第1期   页码 21-32 doi: 10.1007/s11465-018-0512-z

摘要: We studied the reliability of machine components with parameters that follow an arbitrary statistical distribution using the principle of maximum entropy (PME). We used PME to select the statistical distribution that best fits the available information. We also established a probability density function (PDF) and a failure probability model for the parameters of mechanical components using the concept of entropy and the PME. We obtained the first four moments of the state function for reliability analysis and design. Furthermore, we attained an estimate of the PDF with the fewest human bias factors using the PME. This function was used to calculate the reliability of the machine components, including a connecting rod, a vehicle half-shaft, a front axle, a rear axle housing, and a leaf spring, which have parameters that typically follow a non-normal distribution. Simulations were conducted for comparison. This study provides a design methodology for the reliability of mechanical components for practical engineering projects.

关键词: machine components     reliability     arbitrary distribution parameter     principle of maximum entropy    

Reliability of foam posturography in assessment of postural balance in the patients with vertigo

LIU Bo, KONG Weijia

《医学前沿(英文)》 2008年 第2卷 第4期   页码 361-365 doi: 10.1007/s11684-008-0069-z

摘要: The postural balance is a important aspect of assessment in vestibular rehabilitation therapy. As the computerized dynamic posturography, the foam posturography performed by using foam in posturography is a useful measurement tool for postural balance. Then, the reliability of foam posturography is critical in clinic. To our knowledge, there is no report about the test-retest reliability of foam posturography in the patients with vertigo in China. The foam posturography was taken on the patients with vertigo in stable state and repeated in 3 to 5 days. In the two assessments of test and retest, all subjects stood under 4 sensory conditions, such as firm surface with eyes open (T1), firm surface with eyes closed (T2), foam surface with eyes open (T3) and foam surface with eyes closed (T4) for 30 seconds respectively. The average sway velocity (SV) of center of pressure (COP) under feet of upright standing was recorded as research parameter. The results of patients with vertigo were compared with those of normal subjects. It demonstrated that all normal subjects did not fall in the two assessments. There were 10 of 34 patients with vertigo at least fell one time during the two assessments, and the SVs of these subjects did not taken the analysis of test-retest reliability. The results showed that: (1) The interclass correlation coefficients (ICC) of all 49 subjects including normal subjects and patients without falling were 0.887–0.973 according to the T1–T4 between two assessment. (2) The SVs between the normal subjects and patients were significantly different in the T2 ( = 2.018, = 0.049) and T4 ( = 3.905, < 0.001) in the first assessment and in the T4 ( = 3.715, = 0.001) in the second. And (3) the cases of falling between two assessments were not significant different ( = 0.073, = 0.787) in the patients with vertigo. It is concluded from this study that the foam posturography has high test-retest reliability to assess the postural balance in the patients with vertigo in stable state, indicating the foam posturography can be used as the valid means to assess the improvement of postural balance for patients with vertigo in the vestibular rehabilitation therapy.

typical pharmaceutical and personal care products in a wastewater treatment plant from Beijing: a mass balance

Jie GAO,Jun HUANG,Weiwei CHEN,Bin WANG,Yujue WANG,Shubo DENG,Gang YU

《环境科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2016年 第10卷 第3期   页码 491-501 doi: 10.1007/s11783-016-0837-y

摘要: The fate and removal of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) has received great attention during the last decade. Numerous data concerning concentrations in the water phase can be found in the literature, however corresponding data from sludge as well as associated mass balance calculations are very limited. In the present study, the adsorbed and dissolved concentrations of 9 PPCPs were investigated in each unit of a WWTP in Beijing, China. Based on the calculation of mass balance, the relative mass distribution and removal efficiency of each target compound was obtained at each process. The amount of PPCPs entering into the WWTP ranged from 12 g·d to 3848 g·d . Five target compounds (caffeine, chloramphenicol, bezafibrate, clofibric acid, and , -diethyl-meta-toluamide) were effectively removed, with rates of 57%–100%. Negative removal efficiencies were obtained for sulpiride, metoprolol, nalidixic acid, and carbamazepine, ranging from -19% to -79%. PPCPs mainly existed in dissolved form (≥92%) in both the raw influent and the final effluent. The sludge cake carried a much lower amount of PPCPs (17 g·d ) compared with the discharged effluent (402 g·d ). In A /O treatment tanks, the anaerobic and anoxic tanks showed good performance for PPCPs removal, and the amount of adsorbed PPCPs was increased. The results reveal that both the dissolved and the adsorbed phases should be considered when assessing the removal capacity of each A /O tank.

关键词: PPCPs     A2/O     mass balance     removal efficiency     sludge    

Experimental study on the stratum applicability and mechanisms of bubble–slurry for earth pressure balance

《结构与土木工程前沿(英文)》   页码 1387-1399 doi: 10.1007/s11709-023-0005-y

摘要: Soil conditioning is essential for addressing the stratum applicability problem of earth pressure balance (EPB) shields. Under high water pressures, EPB shields spew water and soil when excavating coarse-grained strata. Typically, foam combined with polymers and slurry is used to solve spewing. However, in current techniques, slurry, foam, and the other agents are mixed with soil separately, their synergistic effect is seldom realized. In this study, an anionic surfactant was used to foam in bentonite slurry to form bubble–slurry to maximize the synergy between bubbles and slurry. The slump, volume stability, and permeability test of bubble–slurry-conditioned sand was conducted to examine the conditioning effect, and the stratum applicability of bubble–slurry was determined from the perspective of permeability. It was found that the conditioning effect of bubble–slurry in coarse gravel soil was excellent and could expand the applicability of EPB shields. The main stabilization mechanism of bubble–slurry is that bentonite particles provide a space barrier for bubbles. And three seepage modes of bubble–slurry-conditioned sand were innovatively defined, and the occurrence conditions of the three seepage modes were analyzed according to the permeability coefficient of sand, initial dynamic shear force of bubble–slurry, and hydraulic gradient.

关键词: EPB shield     bubble–slurry     soil conditioning     stability     permeability    

Fractional order extremum seeking approach for maximum power point tracking of photovoltaic panels

Ammar NEÇAIBIA,Samir LADACI,Abdelfatah CHAREF,Jean Jacques LOISEAU

《能源前沿(英文)》 2015年 第9卷 第1期   页码 43-53 doi: 10.1007/s11708-014-0343-5

摘要: Due to the high interest in renewable energy and diversity of research regarding photovoltaic (PV) array, a great research effort is focusing nowadays on solar power generation and its performance improvement under various weather conditions. In this paper, an integrated framework was proposed, which achieved both maximum power point tracking (MPPT) and minimum ripple signals. The proposed control scheme was based on extremum-seeking (ES) combined with fractional order systems (FOS). This auto-tuning strategy was developed to maximize the PV panel output power through the regulation of the voltage input to the DC/DC converter in order to lead the PV system steady-state to a stable oscillation behavior around the maximum power point (MPP). It is shown that fractional order operators can improve the plant dynamics with respect to time response and disturbance rejection. The effectiveness of the proposed controller scheme is illustrated with simulations using measured solar radiation data.

关键词: extremum seeking (ES)     fractional order control (FOC)     fractional calculus     photovoltaic (PV) panel     maximum power point tracking (MPPT)    

The combined effects of biomass and temperature on maximum specific ammonia oxidation rate in domestic

《环境科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2021年 第15卷 第6期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1411-9

摘要:

• Actual SAORs was determined using MLVSS and temperature.

关键词: Specific ammonia oxidation rate     Sequencing batch reactor     Biomass     Temperature coefficient     Model simulation    

标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Hybrid genetic algorithm for bi-objective resource-constrained project scheduling

Fikri KUCUKSAYACIGIL, Gündüz ULUSOY

期刊论文

Ammonia and phosphorus removal from agricultural runoff using cash crop waste-derived biochars

Alisa Salimova, Jian’e Zuo, Fenglin Liu, Yajiao Wang, Sike Wang, Konstantin Verichev

期刊论文

Simulation of bubble column reactors using CFD coupled with a population balance model

Tiefeng WANG

期刊论文

Gut microbial balance and liver transplantation: alteration, management, and prediction

null

期刊论文

Nonlinear sealing force of a seawater balance valve used in an 11000-meter manned submersible

期刊论文

Quantitative analysis of yield and soil water balance for summer maize on the piedmont of the North China

Jingjing WANG,Feng HUANG,Baoguo LI

期刊论文

Mass and heat balance calculations and economic evaluation of an innovative biomass pyrolysis project

Quanyuan WEI, Yongshui QU, Tianwei TAN

期刊论文

Flow and mass balance analysis of eco-bio infiltration system

Marla C. MANIQUIZ, Lee-Hyung KIM, Soyoung LEE, Jiyeon CHOI

期刊论文

Deviation correction strategy for the earth pressure balance shield based on shield–soil interactions

期刊论文

Principle of maximum entropy for reliability analysis in the design of machine components

Yimin ZHANG

期刊论文

Reliability of foam posturography in assessment of postural balance in the patients with vertigo

LIU Bo, KONG Weijia

期刊论文

typical pharmaceutical and personal care products in a wastewater treatment plant from Beijing: a mass balance

Jie GAO,Jun HUANG,Weiwei CHEN,Bin WANG,Yujue WANG,Shubo DENG,Gang YU

期刊论文

Experimental study on the stratum applicability and mechanisms of bubble–slurry for earth pressure balance

期刊论文

Fractional order extremum seeking approach for maximum power point tracking of photovoltaic panels

Ammar NEÇAIBIA,Samir LADACI,Abdelfatah CHAREF,Jean Jacques LOISEAU

期刊论文

The combined effects of biomass and temperature on maximum specific ammonia oxidation rate in domestic

期刊论文